Every society has to figure out how to use its limited resources, so economists say it must answer three core economic questions.

The classic three economic questions

Most economists summarize them like this:

  1. What goods and services should be produced?
  2. How should these goods and services be produced?
  3. For whom should these goods and services be produced?

These questions show up whether you’re talking about a small village, a modern market economy, or a government‑planned system, because scarcity forces choices about production and distribution.

Three possible questions a society might have to answer

Here are three ways you could phrase “three basic questions” that every society might have to answer, in your own words:

  1. What should we make with the resources we have?
  2. Which methods and technologies should we use to make those things?
  3. Who gets to use or enjoy what we produce, and in what shares?

You can see that each of these lines up with the standard economic questions of what , how , and for whom , just expressed in more everyday language.