the process by which external dna is transferred to a different bacterial cell is referred to as __.

The process by which external DNA is transferred to a different bacterial cell is referred to as conjugation.

What conjugation means

• Conjugation is the transfer of genetic material from one bacterium (donor) to another (recipient) through direct cell-to-cell contact, usually via a pilus.

• It is a form of horizontal gene transfer that often involves plasmids, such as the F factor, and can spread traits like antibiotic resistance between bacteria.

Related gene transfer processes

• Transformation is uptake of free (naked) DNA from the environment, not necessarily from a live donor cell.

• Transduction is DNA transfer between bacteria mediated by bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria), rather than by direct contact.

Answer to fill in the blank:
“the process by which external dna is transferred to a different bacterial cell is referred to as __.” → conjugation ✅

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