what are the nobel prize categories

The Nobel Prizes recognize outstanding contributions to humanity across six distinct categories. Established by Alfred Nobel's will in 1895, they began with five original fields, later expanding in 1968.

Core Categories

These prizes honor breakthroughs that advance human knowledge and welfare. Each category has specific awarding bodies, such as the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for sciences.

• Physics : Awarded for discoveries or inventions in physical laws and phenomena.

• Chemistry : Recognizes advances in chemical processes, structures, or applications.

• Physiology or Medicine : Celebrates contributions to understanding life processes or treating diseases.

• Literature : Honors exceptional work in idealistic direction or prose/poetry.

• Peace : Given to those promoting fraternity among nations or peace efforts.

Economics Addition

The sixth category, Economic Sciences (full name: Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel), was added later. Funded by Sweden's central bank, it rewards economic theory or policy impacts.

Prizes include a medal, diploma, and cash award, presented annually around December 10th (Nobel's death anniversary). Not all are awarded yearly if no worthy candidates emerge.

TL;DR : Six categories total: Physics, Chemistry, Physiology/Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economics.