what happened between india and canada

India and Canada have been in a diplomatic row mainly over Canada’s allegation that Indian government agents were involved in the 2023 killing of Sikh separatist Hardeep Singh Nijjar in Canada. India has denied the claim, and the dispute led to expulsions of diplomats, visa disruptions, and a sharp freeze in relations; more recently, both sides have taken steps to rebuild ties.

Quick Scoop

The conflict started in 2023 and escalated through 2024 after Canada said it had credible evidence linking Indian agents to Nijjar’s death. India called the accusations absurd and retaliated with its own expulsions, while both countries accused each other of interfering in internal affairs.

What changed

By 2025 and early 2026, the tone shifted toward a cautious reset. Reports say the two countries have reopened or restored senior diplomatic channels and signed new cooperation agreements, including a 10-year nuclear energy deal in March 2026.

Why it matters

• It affected diplomacy, trade, visas, and travel between the two countries.

• It became tied to broader tensions over Sikh separatist politics and Canada’s large Indian diaspora.

• It is now moving from confrontation toward a limited thaw, though trust is still weak.

If you want, I can also give you a 1-minute timeline of the India-Canada row.