what is pelvic scan
A pelvic scan (usually called a pelvic ultrasound) is a medical imaging test that uses sound waves to create pictures of the organs in your lower belly (pelvis), such as the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, cervix, and bladder. It is non‑invasive, does not use radiation, and is commonly used to investigate pelvic pain, abnormal bleeding, fertility issues, or to monitor pregnancy and certain pelvic conditions.
What is a pelvic scan?
A pelvic scan is an ultrasound test that looks at the area between your hip bones (your pelvis). High‑frequency sound waves are sent into the body and the returning echoes are turned into images on a screen. A trained sonographer or radiologist performs the test and a doctor interprets the images.
What it can show
A pelvic ultrasound helps doctors see:
- Uterus and womb lining (endometrium).
- Ovaries and ovarian follicles.
- Cervix and, sometimes, fallopian tubes if they are enlarged or filled with fluid.
- Bladder and nearby pelvic structures.
It can help detect conditions such as:
- Ovarian cysts and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
- Uterine fibroids and other uterine abnormalities.
- Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or other infections.
- Ectopic pregnancy and some pregnancy‑related problems.
- Certain cancers of the ovaries, womb, or nearby structures (alongside other tests).
Types of pelvic scan
There are two main ways the scan is done.
- Transabdominal pelvic ultrasound
- The probe is moved over the skin of your lower abdomen with gel.
- You usually need a comfortably full bladder to help get clearer pictures.
- Transvaginal pelvic ultrasound
- A slim, covered probe is gently inserted into the vagina.
- It sits close to the pelvic organs and often gives more detailed images, especially of the uterus and ovaries.
* It is only done with your consent, and the scan usually takes a few minutes.
Both methods may be used in the same appointment to get the best view.
Why someone might need a pelvic scan
Doctors commonly request a pelvic scan if you have:
- Pelvic or lower abdominal pain.
- Unusual or heavy periods, bleeding between periods, or bleeding after sex or after menopause.
- Bloating, pelvic swelling, or a feeling of pressure.
- Painful sex or pain when passing urine.
- Difficulty getting pregnant or to assess fertility.
- To monitor a known condition (e.g., fibroids, cysts) or a pregnancy.
In cancer care, pelvic ultrasound can be one of the first tests when symptoms suggest problems in the ovaries, womb, or surrounding structures.
What happens during the scan?
Although details vary slightly by clinic, a typical visit looks like this:
- You may be asked to drink water beforehand so your bladder is partly full (for a transabdominal scan).
- You lie on an examination couch; gel is put on your lower abdomen for the external scan.
- The probe is moved over your skin to capture images from different angles.
- If a transvaginal scan is needed and you agree, you will be asked to empty your bladder, then a covered, lubricated probe is gently inserted into the vagina.
- The whole appointment usually takes about 15–30 minutes.
Most people find it mildly uncomfortable at most, but not painful.
Is a pelvic scan safe?
Pelvic ultrasound is considered very safe because it uses sound waves rather than X‑ray radiation. It has been used widely for many years in pregnancy and gynecology. Serious complications are extremely rare; some people may feel temporary discomfort or embarrassment, especially with the transvaginal part, but staff are trained to preserve privacy and dignity.
When to talk to your doctor
You should contact your doctor or clinic if:
- You have been told to get a pelvic scan but are anxious or unsure why.
- You have new or worsening pelvic pain, abnormal bleeding, or pregnancy symptoms that worry you.
They can explain exactly why the scan is recommended, what they are looking for, and how the results might change your care.
Information gathered from public forums or data available on the internet and portrayed here.