what is the first step in cleaning a firearm

The first step in cleaning a firearm is to completely unload it and verify it is unloaded while keeping it pointed in a safe direction. This safety check comes before any disassembly or use of cleaning products.

Safe first step

• Remove the magazine (if there is one) and any visible ammunition from the firearm.
• Lock the action open and visually and physically check the chamber, magazine well, and any internal magazine areas to confirm they are empty.
• Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction throughout this process and do not rely solely on the mechanical safety.

Only after you are absolutely certain the firearm is unloaded should you move on to disassembly and actual cleaning.