what is vernier constant

The Vernier constant is the least count of a Vernier instrument like a Vernier caliper; it equals the difference between one main scale division and one Vernier scale division.

Simple definition

• Vernier constant = smallest value that the Vernier instrument can measure accurately (its least count).

• In formula form:
  Vernier constant (VC) = 1 main scale division (MSD) − 1 Vernier scale division (VSD).

Quick example

• For many common Vernier callipers, 10 Vernier divisions coincide with 9 main scale millimetre divisions.

• Then 1 MSD = 1 mm, 1 VSD = 0.9 mm, so:
  VC = 1 mm − 0.9 mm = 0.1 mm, meaning the instrument can measure up to 0.1 mm precisely.

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