which of the following phenomena of light are involved in the formation of a rainbow?

The phenomena of light involved in the formation of a rainbow are refraction, dispersion, and internal (total internal) reflection.

Quick Scoop

• Sunlight enters tiny raindrops and refracts (bends) at the air–water surface.

• Inside the drop, the different colours of white light spread out – this is dispersion.

• The light then undergoes internal reflection from the back surface of the drop and is sent back toward the observer.

• As it leaves the drop, it refracts again, making the separated colours visible as a rainbow.

So, if this is a multiple-choice question, the correct option is the one that lists: dispersion, refraction and internal reflection of light.

Bonus fact: In a primary rainbow, red appears on the top (outer side) and violet at the bottom (inner side).

Information gathered from public forums or data available on the internet and portrayed here.