who voted against the big beautiful bill

June 28, 2026

The “Big Beautiful Bill” is the nickname for President Donald Trump’s One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA), a massive tax-and-spending package that squeaked through Congress in 2025.

Below is a detailed “Quick Scoop”-style breakdown of who voted against it at key stages.

Who voted against the Big Beautiful Bill?

1. In the House Budget Committee (early setback)

When the reconciliation version of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act first came before the House Budget Committee in May 2025, it failed in committee because a bloc of hard‑line fiscal conservatives joined Democrats to sink it.

Republicans on the House Budget Committee who voted against advancing the bill included:

Chip Roy (R‑Texas)
Ralph Norman (R‑South Carolina)
Andrew Clyde (R‑Georgia)
Josh Brecheen (R‑Oklahoma)

All Democratic members on the committee also voted no at this stage.

2. First full House vote on OBBBA

On May 22, 2025, the House passed OBBBA for the first time by the razor‑thin margin of 215–214–1.

Key Republicans who broke with their party and voted against the bill on that initial House floor vote:

Thomas Massie (R‑Kentucky)
Warren Davidson (R‑Ohio)

Additional details on that vote:

House Democrats: unanimously opposed the bill.
Andy Harris (R‑Maryland), chair of the Freedom Caucus, voted “present.”
David Schweikert (R‑Arizona) and Andrew Garbarino (R‑New York) did not vote.

So in that round, every Democrat plus a pair of Republican fiscal conservatives opposed the Big Beautiful Bill.

3. Senate procedural drama and final Senate passage

In the Senate , several Republicans flirted with blocking the bill on a procedural motion to begin debate, but most were ultimately persuaded to support moving forward after negotiations and concessions.

However, on the final Senate vote on the bill itself , three Republicans broke ranks and voted no , joining all Democrats and Democratic‑aligned independents.

Republican senators who voted against the Big Beautiful Bill:

Rand Paul (R‑Kentucky) – opposed over debt‑ceiling and deficit concerns.

Thom Tillis (R‑North Carolina) – objected to Medicaid cuts and the impact on people relying on the program.

Susan Collins (R‑Maine) – opposed despite extra money being added for rural hospitals.

According to contemporary reporting, all 47 Democrats and Democratic‑caucusing independents voted against the bill as well.

The Senate tally ended up 51–50 , with Vice President JD Vance casting the tie‑breaking vote in favor of the bill.

4. Final House passage of the Senate version

After the Senate passed its version, the bill went back to the House for a final up‑or‑down vote on agreeing to the Senate amendment. On July 3, 2025 , the House passed the final Senate version 218–214.

Key Republican who opposed the final version:

Brian Fitzpatrick (R‑Pennsylvania) – a moderate who continued to vote no.
Thomas Massie (R‑Kentucky) – again opposed the bill on fiscal‑conservative grounds.

The rest of the picture on that last House vote:

All House Democrats voted against the bill.
Fitzpatrick and Massie were the two Republican “no” votes on final passage.

So, at the very end, opposition in the House consisted of every Democrat plus two Republicans.

5. Quick HTML table of key “no” votes

Because your content rules ask for tables as HTML, here is a concise snapshot of notable lawmakers who voted against the Big Beautiful Bill at crucial steps.

html

<table>
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>Chamber / Stage</th>
      <th>Lawmakers voting against</th>
      <th>Party / State</th>
      <th>Notes</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>House Budget Committee (reconciliation markup)</td>
      <td>Chip Roy</td>
      <td>R‑TX</td>
      <td>Joined Democrats to block committee passage.[web:1]</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>House Budget Committee (reconciliation markup)</td>
      <td>Ralph Norman</td>
      <td>R‑SC</td>
      <td>Fiscal conservative “no” vote.[web:1]</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>House Budget Committee (reconciliation markup)</td>
      <td>Andrew Clyde</td>
      <td>R‑GA</td>
      <td>Opposed bill over spending concerns.[web:1]</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>House Budget Committee (reconciliation markup)</td>
      <td>Josh Brecheen</td>
      <td>R‑OK</td>
      <td>Joined conservatives and Democrats to defeat the markup.[web:1]</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>First House floor passage</td>
      <td>Thomas Massie</td>
      <td>R‑KY</td>
      <td>Fiscal conservative “no.” House Democrats all opposed.[web:1]</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>First House floor passage</td>
      <td>Warren Davidson</td>
      <td>R‑OH</td>
      <td>Joined Massie and Democrats in opposition.[web:1]</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Final Senate passage</td>
      <td>Rand Paul</td>
      <td>R‑KY</td>
      <td>Opposed over debt and deficit concerns.[web:1][web:3]</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Final Senate passage</td>
      <td>Thom Tillis</td>
      <td>R‑NC</td>
      <td>Cited Medicaid cut concerns.[web:1][web:3]</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Final Senate passage</td>
      <td>Susan Collins</td>
      <td>R‑ME</td>
      <td>Voted “no” even after extra rural‑hospital funding added.[web:1][web:3]</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Final House passage of Senate version</td>
      <td>Brian Fitzpatrick</td>
      <td>R‑PA</td>
      <td>Moderate Republican holdout against the bill.[web:1][web:9]</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Final House passage of Senate version</td>
      <td>Thomas Massie</td>
      <td>R‑KY</td>
      <td>Again voted “no” on final House passage.[web:1][web:9]</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

6. Forum and “trending topic” flavor

Online, especially in U.S. politics subreddits and comment sections, “who voted against the Big Beautiful Bill” quickly became shorthand for:

Which Republicans were willing to defy Trump and House/Senate GOP leadership.
Whether they were motivated by fiscal conservatism (debt, deficits, spending cuts), moderation (Medicaid, hospitals, social safety‑net worries), or political calculation.

A common narrative split the GOP “no” votes into three rough camps:

Deficit hawks – Massie, Paul, Davidson, etc., worried about adding trillions to the debt even with promised offsets.
Institutional moderates – Collins, Tillis, Fitzpatrick, concerned about Medicaid, rural hospitals, or swing‑district politics.
Procedural hard‑liners – Roy, Norman, Clyde, Brecheen, who used their leverage in committee or rule votes to demand deeper cuts or different policy mixes.

Many commentators pointed out that, while Democrats uniformly opposed the Big Beautiful Bill as a whole, the story in Republican circles was about whether crossing Trump on his signature “big, beautiful” mega‑bill would be a badge of principle or a career‑ending move.

In forum threads you’ll often see comments like:
“You can hate the bill and still admit at least a few Republicans actually stuck to their fiscal‑hawk branding for once.”

7. Why this still matters “right now”

Even months after final passage, “who voted against the Big Beautiful Bill” remains a trending political talking point because:

It defines intra‑GOP fault lines heading into 2026: Trump‑aligned vs. deficit‑hawk vs. moderate.
Some “no” votes are already facing primary threats or retirement pressures, especially senators like Tillis who openly bucked Trump’s priorities.

Activists on both left and right are using these votes as litmus tests for credibility on spending, healthcare, and immigration enforcement.

If you want, I can next break down why each of these specific lawmakers opposed the bill in more detail (e.g., their public statements and how their districts or states shaped the vote). Bottom note:
Information gathered from public forums or data available on the internet and portrayed here.