who was before maduro

Before Nicolás Maduro, the president of Venezuela was Hugo Chávez.

Who was before Maduro?

• Hugo Chávez Frías served as president of Venezuela from 1999 until his death on 5 March 2013.

• After Chávez died in office, Nicolás Maduro, who had been his vice president, assumed the presidency as interim leader and then won the 2013 presidential election.

Extra context

• Chávez led the so‑called “Bolivarian Revolution,” a left‑wing project that reshaped Venezuela’s politics and economy over more than a decade.

• Maduro’s government has largely continued Chávez’s political line, though under far deeper economic crisis and stronger international pressure.

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