Cat scratch fever is usually not something you “catch” from petting a cat; you get it when an infected cat scratches or bites you, or licks an open wound. It is caused by the bacterium Bartonella henselae , which spreads among cats, often through fleas.

How it spreads

  • Cat scratch or bite that breaks the skin.
  • A cat licking an open cut or wound.
  • Kittens and cats with flea exposure are more likely to carry it.

Common signs

Symptoms often show up days to two weeks after contact and can include:

  • Redness or swelling at the scratch site.
  • Fever.
  • Headache or fatigue.
  • Swollen, tender lymph nodes near the scratch or bite.

Prevention

  • Wash cat scratches and bites right away with soap and running water.
  • Avoid rough play, especially with kittens.
  • Keep cats on flea prevention and indoors when possible.
  • Don’t let cats lick open wounds.

When to get help

Seek medical care if a cat bite is deep, the area gets worse, or you develop fever or swollen glands after a scratch or bite. People with weakened immune systems and young children are at higher risk for complications.

[9][6] [9] [5][10]
SituationWhat it means
Minor scratchClean it well and watch for swelling, fever, or tender lymph nodes
Deep biteGet medical care promptly because bites can cause more serious infection
Fever after a scratchCould be cat scratch fever, so a clinician should evaluate it
Cat scratch fever usually improves on its own in healthy people, but antibiotics may be used when symptoms are significant or complications are a concern.