I can give you a careful estimate , but not an exact count, because there is no clean government tally of “Americans who moved to Afghanistan” versus “Afghans who moved to America” in one single dataset.

What the numbers look like

Direction| Rough number| Share of population
---|---|---
Americans living in Afghanistan| Very small, likely in the hundreds to low thousands at most| Well under 0.01% of the U.S. population
Afghans living in the United States| About 190,000 to 200,000 Afghan-born residents, with a larger Afghan American community overall| About 0.05%–0.06% of the U.S. population

Why the gap is so large

The U.S. has historically been the far bigger destination. Recent reporting says the Afghan immigrant population in the United States has grown sharply since 2021, and current U.S. policy has been restricting new Afghan entries in 2025–2026.

For Americans moving to Afghanistan, the flow is tiny and usually temporary, often tied to aid work, diplomacy, journalism, contracting, or military- related assignments rather than permanent migration. The articles surfaced in the search results focus on refugees and resettlement into the U.S., not a meaningful reverse migration from the U.S. to Afghanistan.

Best plain-English answer

If you want the simplest comparison: thousands of Afghans have moved to America, while only a very small number of Americans have moved to Afghanistan. As a percentage of population, the Afghan-to-American flow is orders of magnitude larger.

TL;DR: Afghans in America are roughly 190k–200k people and about 0.05%–0.06% of the U.S. population , while Americans in Afghanistan are likely too few to register meaningfully in population terms, probably far below 0.01%.