how to make chicken broth
You can make a rich, versatile chicken broth with a whole chicken or just bones, basic vegetables, and a long, gentle simmer.
Basic ingredients
- Chicken: whole chicken, bones, or mixed pieces (wings, backs, legs, carcass).
- Vegetables: onion, carrot, celery.
- Aromatics: garlic (optional), parsley stems, thyme, bay leaf, peppercorns.
- Water: enough to cover everything by 2–3 cm.
- Salt: add lightly while cooking; adjust at the end.
A simple example ratio (for about 3 quarts / 3 liters of broth):
- 1 whole chicken (about 1.5–2 kg) or 1.5–2 kg chicken parts.
- 2–3 carrots, chopped into big pieces.
- 2–3 celery stalks, chopped.
- 1 onion, halved or quartered (skin on is fine if rinsed).
- 3–4 garlic cloves, lightly crushed (optional).
- A few sprigs of parsley and thyme, 1 bay leaf, a few peppercorns.
- 3 liters of cold water, plus more if needed.
Step‑by‑step (stovetop, classic broth)
- Prepare the pot
- Put the chicken (or bones) into a large pot.
- Add carrots, celery, onion, garlic, herbs, and peppercorns.
- Add water
- Pour in cold water until everything is just covered by a couple of centimeters.
- Starting with cold water helps draw flavor out slowly.
- Heat gently and skim
- Put the pot over medium–high heat and bring it up to a near‑boil.
- As soon as it boils, lower to low heat so it only simmers gently.
- Skim off the gray foam that rises to the top with a spoon; this helps keep the broth clear.
- Simmer low and slow
- Let it simmer, uncovered or partially covered, for about 2–3 hours for a light broth.
- For a richer, more concentrated broth, you can go 4–6 hours (add a bit of water if too much evaporates).
- Keep it at a gentle bubble, not a rolling boil, to avoid cloudy broth and dry meat.
- Remove chicken and strain
- Take out the chicken pieces with tongs; set aside to cool, then remove skin and bones and shred the meat for other dishes.
- Pour the liquid through a fine strainer (or a strainer lined with cheesecloth) into another pot or large bowl.
- Discard the cooked vegetables and herbs (they’ve given up most of their flavor).
- Chill and defat
- Let the broth cool to room temperature, then refrigerate.
- Once cold, a layer of fat will solidify on top; you can remove it for a lighter broth or leave some for richer flavor.
- Season and use
- Taste the cold or gently reheated broth and add salt to your liking.
- Use it for soups, stews, sauces, risottos, or just sip it warm.
Variations and tips
- For more body (gelatin‑rich broth): add extra wings, feet, or backs, and simmer longer.
- For a very clear broth: avoid stirring while simmering and keep the heat gentle.
- For slow cooker: combine everything in the cooker, cover with water, set to low, and cook 6–8 hours; strain and chill.
- For pressure cooker/Instant Pot: add ingredients, fill with water below the max line, cook at high pressure about 45–60 minutes, let pressure release naturally, then strain.
Storage
- Fridge: 3–4 days in a covered container.
- Freezer: 3 months or more in airtight containers or freezer bags (leave headspace for expansion).
- Ice cube tray trick: freeze in cubes so you can add a little broth to sauces or pan juices as needed.
TL;DR: Cover chicken and vegetables with cold water, gently bring to a simmer, skim, cook 2–3 hours, strain, chill, remove fat, season, and use in everything from soups to sauces.