The British officer who implemented the system of Dual Government in Bengal was Robert Clive.

Quick Scoop

Who was he?

  • Name: Robert Clive (also known as Lord Clive).
  • Role: Senior official of the British East India Company and key architect of early British rule in Bengal.
  • Time period of Dual Government: Approximately 1765–1772 in Bengal.

What was “Dual Government”?

  • A system where:
    • The East India Company controlled revenue (Diwani) and real power.
* The **Nawab of Bengal** retained nominal authority over **administration and law and order (Nizamat)** but had very little real power or resources.
  • This allowed the Company to enjoy power without full responsibility for governance.

Why did Clive introduce it?

  • Introduced after the Battle of Buxar (1764) and the Treaty of Allahabad (1765) , which granted the Company Diwani rights over Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.
  • Clive wanted to maximize revenue for the Company while keeping the traditional Nawab as a figurehead , reducing direct blame on the British for misrule.

What happened to Dual Government?

  • The system led to:
    • Administrative confusion and corruption.
* Economic distress and worsening hardship for peasants.
  • In 1772 , Warren Hastings abolished the Dual Government and brought Bengal under more direct Company administration.

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The British officer who implemented Dual Government in Bengal was Robert Clive , who introduced this system in 1765 after the Battle of Buxar, giving the East India Company revenue power while the Nawab remained a nominal ruler.

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