The Triple Alliance was made up of three countries :

  • Germany
  • Austria‑Hungary (often listed simply as “Austria” in older sources)
  • Italy

This defensive pact was formed in 1882 and renewed several times before World War I.

Quick reference table

Alliance| Member countries (1882)
---|---
Triple Alliance| Germany, Austria‑Hungary, Italy 136

A bit of context

  • The alliance grew out of an earlier Dual Alliance between Germany and Austria‑Hungary (1879), with Italy joining later to counter French influence in the Mediterranean.
  • When World War I broke out, Italy stayed neutral at first and eventually switched sides to join the Triple Entente (France, Russia, Britain) in 1915.

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