A centrifuge spins material very fast to separate parts by density. Heavier particles move outward and settle first, while lighter liquid or particles stay closer to the center.

How it works

  • The sample is placed in a rotating chamber called a rotor.
  • As it spins, centrifugal force pushes denser material away from the center.
  • This makes separation happen much faster than waiting for gravity alone.

Common uses

  • Separating blood into plasma, red cells, and platelets.
  • Separating solids from liquids in labs and industry.
  • Separating cream from milk or removing impurities from oil.

Simple example

If you spin muddy water in a centrifuge, the dirt moves to the bottom or outer edge, leaving clearer water behind. It is basically a fast, controlled way to sort mixtures by weight and density.

TL;DR

A centrifuge is a machine that spins samples quickly so heavier parts separate from lighter ones.