Being expelled from Congress means a member is formally removed from office before their term ends. It is the harshest punishment Congress can impose on one of its own members, and it requires a two-thirds vote of the chamber involved.

What it means

Expulsion is different from losing reelection or resigning. It is an internal disciplinary action by the House or Senate after someone has already been seated as a member.

How it works

  • The House can expel a Representative.
  • The Senate can expel a Senator.
  • A two-thirds majority of the members present and voting is required.
  • The Constitution gives each chamber broad discretion over the grounds and process.

Why it happens

Expulsion is rare and usually reserved for severe misconduct, such as serious ethics violations or criminal behavior. History shows it is used only in extreme cases, which is why it draws so much attention when it happens.

Simple example

If a representative is expelled, they immediately lose their seat in Congress and stop serving as a member. Their constituents would then need a replacement through the normal vacancy process, such as a special election in the House.

Related terms

  • Censure : a formal public reprimand, but the member keeps their seat.
  • Expulsion : removal from Congress.
  • Exclusion : refusing to seat someone elected but not yet sworn in.

TL;DR

Expulsion from Congress means a member is kicked out by a two-thirds vote of their chamber for serious misconduct, and it ends their service immediately.