what is a continuing resolution?
A continuing resolution (often called a CR) is a temporary law that keeps the U.S. federal government funded when Congress has not finished passing the regular annual spending bills on time.
Basic definition
- A continuing resolution allows federal agencies to keep operating using last yearâs funding levels (sometimes with small adjustments) for a set period of time, instead of shutting down when the fiscal year starts on October 1.
- It is used when Congress and the president have not agreed on one or more of the twelve annual appropriations bills that normally fund the government.
Why it exists
- The main purpose is to avoid a government shutdown, which would halt many ânonâessentialâ federal services and furlough many workers.
- It buys time for political negotiations over the fullâyear budget when there is disagreement over spending levels or policy riders.
How it works in practice
- A CR is itself a law: it must pass both the House and Senate and be signed by the president, just like any other bill.
- Most CRs fund agencies at the previous yearâs rate or by a formula tied to that rate, and they last from a few days to several months, sometimes extended repeatedly.
Effects and downsides
- Agencies face uncertainty: they cannot start new programs or plan longâterm projects easily because they do not know their final annual budgets.
- Frequent reliance on CRs is seen as a sign of budget dysfunction and partisan gridlock, and has become more common since the 1970s.
Recent and trending context
- In recent years, CRs have regularly been used to push funding deadlines into later months, often right up against âshutdownâ dates, making them recurring political flashpoints.
- They are frequently discussed in news and forums whenever a funding deadline approaches, especially if one party threatens to block a CR to gain leverage over issues like border security or domestic spending.
Information gathered from public forums or data available on the internet and portrayed here.