Quick Scoop

A hysterectomy is surgery to remove the uterus, also called the womb. After the operation, a person can no longer become pregnant and will no longer have menstrual periods.

What It Can Include

Depending on the type, the surgery may remove only the uterus or also the cervix, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. A **total** hysterectomy removes the uterus and cervix, while a **radical** hysterectomy removes more surrounding tissue and is usually done for certain cancers.

Why It’s Done

Doctors may recommend a hysterectomy for heavy bleeding, pelvic pain, uterine prolapse, cancer, or other serious uterine problems. In some cases, it is also used as risk-reducing surgery or as an emergency treatment for severe bleeding after childbirth.

How It’s Performed

A hysterectomy may be done through the vagina, through small abdominal cuts using a camera, or through a larger abdominal incision. The best approach depends on the reason for surgery and the person’s overall health.

Important Effects

Recovery and side effects vary, but common effects can include pain, bleeding, and a period of healing after surgery. If the ovaries are removed, menopause starts right away; if they are kept, menopause may happen earlier than usual.

TL;DR

A hysterectomy is an operation to remove the uterus, often done for bleeding, pain, prolapse, or cancer. It ends pregnancy and menstrual periods, and sometimes includes removal of nearby reproductive organs.