It’s called the Lava Chicken music disc in Minecraft, and it plays the “Steve’s Lava Chicken” track. The official Minecraft article refers to it as the “Lava Chicken music disc,” and the Minecraft Wiki lists it as the Music Disc Lava Chicken.

If you meant the texture pack version people are talking about, there isn’t one single universal name — community packs often rename or reskin it, like “Plastic lava chicken music disc” or similar fan-made packs.