Turkey is a presidential republic with a multi-party system. The president is both head of state and head of government, and the country’s current system is based on constitutional rules that replaced the older parliamentary arrangement.

Quick scoop

  • Officially, Turkey is a republic.
  • It operates under a presidential system, not a parliamentary one.
  • The president leads the executive branch and the parliament makes laws.

Simple way to think about it

Before 2017, Turkey had a parliamentary system with a prime minister. After constitutional changes, executive power shifted to the president, so today it works more like a strong presidency than a classic parliamentary democracy.

One-line answer

Turkey has a presidential republic government.