Cleopatra VII, the famous last pharaoh of ancient Egypt, lived from around 69 BC to 30 BC.

Lifespan Details

She was born in early 69 BC or late 70 BC in Alexandria, Egypt, as part of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Greek-Macedonian origin. Cleopatra died by suicide on August 10 or 12, 30 BC, following the defeat at the Battle of Actium and the Roman conquest of Egypt.

Reign Timeline

Cleopatra ascended to the throne in 51 BC after her father Ptolemy XII's death, initially co-ruling with her brother Ptolemy XIII. Her sole rule effectively began around 44 BC after eliminating rivals, lasting until her death in 30 BC, marking the end of the Hellenistic era in Egypt.

Key Life Events

  • Early alliances : Formed a pivotal relationship with Julius Caesar around 48 BC, securing her throne and bearing son Caesarion.
  • Later partnerships : Allied with Mark Antony from 41 BC, producing twins Alexander Helios and Cleopatra Selene, amid Roman civil wars.
  • Downfall : After Antony's defeat by Octavian in 31 BC, she took her own life, reportedly by asp bite, at age 39.

TL;DR : Cleopatra thrived from ~69–30 BC, ruling Egypt 51–30 BC amid dramatic Roman entanglements.

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