Moldova, as a historical principality (Moldavia), is generally considered to have been founded in 1359 , when Bogdan I established the feudal state of Moldavia in the region between the Carpathians and the Dniester.

If you mean the modern Republic of Moldova as a country, it declared independence from the Soviet Union on 27 August 1991.

So in short:

  • Medieval principality (Moldavia/Moldova): around 1359.
  • Modern Republic of Moldova: 27 August 1991.

Information gathered from public forums or data available on the internet and portrayed here.