The Treaty of Waitangi was signed on 6 February 1840 at Waitangi in the Bay of Islands, in the far north of New Zealand.

Key facts

  • Signing date: 6 February 1840.
  • Location: Waitangi, in the Bay of Islands, Northland, New Zealand.
  • Parties: Representatives of the British Crown and many Māori chiefs, with additional signings by other chiefs at locations around the country later in 1840.

Why it matters

  • The Treaty of Waitangi is widely regarded as New Zealand’s founding document, establishing British governance while promising to protect Māori rangatiratanga (chieftainship) and land rights.
  • 6 February is now a public holiday in New Zealand known as Waitangi Day, marked by official ceremonies, political speeches, and ongoing debate about how well the Treaty is being honoured.