A modern F1 power unit is usually said to have six main components , with a seventh (the exhaust) often listed separately depending on how the rules are described.

Direct answer

The standard “modern” hybrid F1 power unit is made up of:

  • Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) – 1.6‑litre turbocharged V6 that produces the bulk of the power.
  • Turbocharger (TC) – uses exhaust gases to spin a turbine and compress intake air, allowing more oxygen and therefore more power.
  • MGU‑K (Motor Generator Unit – Kinetic) – recovers kinetic energy under braking, converts it to electrical energy and can redeploy it to drive the rear wheels.
  • MGU‑H (Motor Generator Unit – Heat) – connected to the turbo; recovers energy from exhaust heat and can either send it to the battery or spin the turbo to reduce lag.
  • Energy Store (ES) – the battery that stores recovered electrical energy for later deployment.
  • Control Electronics (CE) – the “brain” that manages how all these hybrid elements work together.

Many technical overviews and the official penalty regulations also treat the exhaust system as its own element, so you will sometimes see modern F1 power units described as having “seven elements: ICE, MGU‑H, MGU‑K, turbocharger, energy store, control electronics and exhaust.”

So if your unfinished question was “which component of a modern F1 power unit is…”, the missing end is probably asking about one of these six (or seven) named elements – most likely the MGU‑K, MGU‑H, or turbocharger, since those are the hybrid‑specific parts that confuse people most often.

If you tell me the rest of the sentence (for example, “which component … stores electrical energy?” or “which component … recovers braking energy?”), I can match it precisely to the correct unit.