Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, forming oppositely charged ions (cations and anions) that attract each other through electrostatic forces.

Core idea

  • One atom (usually a metal) loses one or more electrons to become a positively charged ion (cation).
  • Another atom (usually a non‑metal) gains those electrons to become a negatively charged ion (anion).
  • The ionic bond is the electrostatic attraction between these oppositely charged ions.

So, if your options include phrases like “transfer of electrons to form oppositely charged ions” or “electrostatic attraction between a cation and an anion,” that is what ionic bonding involves.

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