The proper way to treat frostbite is to gently rewarm the affected area with warm (not hot) water while also getting the person out of the cold and removing any wet clothing.

Key first‑aid steps

  • Move the person to a warmer, sheltered place as soon as possible to prevent further cold exposure.
  • Gently remove wet or tight clothing and jewelry from the affected area so swelling and constricted blood flow do not worsen.
  • Rewarm the frostbitten skin by soaking it in warm water, typically around the temperature of a warm bath, for about 15–30 minutes until the skin is soft and color begins to return; never use hot water or open flame.
  • If warm water immersion is not possible, use body heat (for example, placing frostbitten fingers under the armpits) rather than rubbing the area.
  • Do not rub or massage the frostbitten area, and do not use ice or snow on it, because friction and additional cold can cause more tissue damage.
  • After rewarming, protect the area with loose, dry, sterile dressings and keep it elevated if possible, then seek medical care, especially for deep or extensive frostbite or if blisters appear.

If answering a multiple‑choice question

If the options include something like “wrap the affected area in warm, dry clothing” versus “rub with ice/snow” or “rub briskly,” the proper choice is the gentle warming/protection option (for example, wrapping or soaking in warm—not hot—conditions) and never any option that involves rubbing or applying additional cold.