The triple constraints of project management are scope , time , and cost (budget).

So, to answer the question:

“Which of the following is not one of the triple constraints of project management?”

Any option that is not scope, time, or cost/budget is not part of the classic triple constraint. Common “incorrect” options in exam-style questions include:

  • Quality – very important, but treated as an outcome affected by the triple constraint, not one of the three sides itself.
  • Risk – managed throughout the project, but not one of the three core constraints.
  • Resources – often considered an additional constraint in extended models, but not in the traditional triple constraint triangle.
  • Customer satisfaction / stakeholder satisfaction – a success criterion, not one of the three constraints.

If you show the full multiple-choice list, the correct answer will be whichever option is not scope, time, or cost/budget.