India’s national anthem “Jana Gana Mana” was composed (words and tune) by Rabindranath Tagore.

Quick Scoop: Key Facts

  • Composer of our national anthem: Rabindranath Tagore.
  • Original form: A song titled “Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata” in Bengali.
  • What became the anthem: Only the first stanza of that longer song was adopted as “Jana Gana Mana.”
  • Adoption date as national anthem: 24 January 1950.

A Tiny Bit of Story

Rabindranath Tagore wrote and composed this piece in 1911 as part of his Bengali hymn “Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata,” which praised the spirit and destiny of India. It was first sung publicly at the Indian National Congress session in Calcutta (now Kolkata) in December 1911, long before independence.

Later, after independence, leaders chose the opening stanza—what we now know as “Jana Gana Mana”—as the official national anthem because of its inclusive, pan‑Indian character. Despite later rumors that others might have composed the tune, historical records and musicology research confirm that Tagore himself wrote both the lyrics and the melody.

Simple Answer (One Line)

Rabindranath Tagore composed our national anthem “Jana Gana Mana,” originally the first stanza of his song “Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata,” adopted as India’s national anthem on 24 January 1950.

Information gathered from public forums or data available on the internet and portrayed here.