Alexander the Great of Macedon conquered the Persian (Achaemenid) Empire, overthrowing King Darius III in a series of campaigns from 334–330 BCE.

Quick Scoop: Who conquered the Persian Empire?

  • The Persian Empire referred to here is usually the Achaemenid Empire, ruled at the end by Darius III.
  • Alexander the Great invaded in 334 BCE, winning major battles at Granicus, Issus, and finally Gaugamela in 331 BCE.
  • After Gaugamela, Persian power collapsed, and Alexander took key capitals such as Susa and Persepolis, effectively ending the empire by about 330 BCE.
  • Later “Persian Empires” (like the Sasanian Empire) were defeated by different powers, but when people ask “who conquered the Persian Empire,” they almost always mean Alexander the Great.

In short: Alexander the Great is the historical figure most famously known for conquering the Persian Empire.

TL;DR: Alexander the Great defeated Darius III and brought down the Achaemenid Persian Empire between 334 and 330 BCE.

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