Stephen Hawking consistently said he did not believe in a personal God or a creator, and that the universe can be explained by the laws of physics without invoking God. At the same time, he sometimes used “God” in a more poetic, impersonal sense to refer to the laws of nature themselves.

Core statements Hawking made

  • Hawking wrote that the “simplest explanation is that there is no God,” adding that “no one created the universe and no one directs our fate.”
  • He said belief in an afterlife is “wishful thinking,” arguing there is no reliable evidence for heaven or life after death and that this idea conflicts with what science shows.
  • In interviews, he described himself openly as an atheist, stating that before science people naturally believed God created the universe, but that science now offers a more convincing explanation.

How he used the word “God”

  • In early works like A Brief History of Time , Hawking wrote that if we found a complete theory of the universe, we would “know the mind of God,” but later clarified this was metaphorical language.
  • He said “God is the name people give to the reason we are here,” but that this “reason” is the laws of physics, not a being with whom one can have a personal relationship—what he called an “impersonal God.”
  • He also noted that one could say the laws of nature are “the work of God,” but emphasized that this is a definition, not proof that such a God exists.

God, creation, and the universe

  • Hawking argued that modern cosmology shows it is possible for the universe to begin in a way fully determined by physical laws, so it is “not necessary to invoke God” to light the fuse of creation.
  • He maintained that because time itself begins with the Big Bang, asking what happened “before” it—or who created the universe—is a meaningless question in physical terms.
  • For him, a scientific explanation of the universe removes the need for a creator, even though it cannot absolutely “prove” that no deity of any kind exists.

Meaning, life, and morality without God

  • Despite rejecting a personal God, Hawking insisted that the universe and human life still have meaning, encouraging people to stay curious and “look up at the stars and not down at your feet.”
  • He urged focusing on understanding the universe and doing whatever one can succeed at, even when life feels very difficult.
  • His comments are often cited in discussions about how science-minded atheists can still talk about purpose, awe, and responsibility without religious belief.

Information gathered from public forums or data available on the internet and portrayed here.