Transcription happens where the DNA is. In eukaryotic cells, that means the nucleus , and in prokaryotic cells, it happens in the cytoplasm because they lack a nucleus.

Basic answer

  • In eukaryotes (like human cells), transcription occurs in the nucleus, where chromosomes and DNA are located.
  • In prokaryotes (like bacteria), transcription occurs in the cytoplasm, since their DNA is not enclosed in a nucleus.
  • After transcription in eukaryotes, the mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to the cytoplasm for translation on ribosomes.

Quick Scoop: extra context

  • Transcription is the process of making an RNA copy (often mRNA) from a DNA template so the cell can eventually build proteins.
  • In eukaryotic cells, this nuclear location also allows extra processing steps (capping, splicing, poly-A tail) before mRNA exits to the cytoplasm.

TL;DR:

  • Eukaryotic cells: transcription in the nucleus.
  • Prokaryotic cells: transcription in the cytoplasm.

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