Conduction is the transfer of heat (or energy) through a material by direct contact, without the material itself moving from place to place.

In simple terms, in conduction :

  • Energy passes from one particle to the next by collisions or vibrations.
  • The particles mostly stay where they are; only the energy moves through the solid, liquid, or gas.
  • It is most effective in solids, like a metal spoon getting hot from end to end when one side is in a hot liquid.

So, if your options look like:

  • “Heat transfer through direct contact between particles” → this describes conduction.
  • “Heat transfer by moving fluids (liquids or gases)” → that’s convection, not conduction.
  • “Heat transfer by waves through empty space” → that’s radiation, not conduction.

Information gathered from public forums or data available on the internet and portrayed here.